For this article, I would like to introduce you the Recommendations from UN-Water on Improving Water Security through Adaptation to

Climate Change:

a) Mainstream adaptation within the broader development context.

Adaptation measures should be integrated into national development plans, establishing links with policies addressing food and energy security, poverty reduction, disaster risk reduction and environmental protection.

b) Strengthen governance and improve water and wastewater management.

Participative, multistakeholder dialogue mechanisms should be established at various geographical scales (including transboundary), preferably within the context of IWRM frameworks. Mandates of relevant institutions need to be clarified and strengthened to ensure inter-sectoral planning and decision-making within legal frameworks and instruments.

c) Improve and share knowledge and information on climate and adaptation measures, and invest in data collection.

The decline of hydrological networks needs to be stopped and reversed so that decision-making can be based on solid empirical evidence. Hydrological data need to be freely shared between stakeholders, and several gaps in knowledge need to be filled. International research needs to be strengthened in order to assess uncertainties such as those generated by climate change.

d) Build long-term resilience through stronger institutions, and invest in infrastructure and in well-functioning ecosystems.

Managing risks and building capacity to deal with unpredictable events should be a priority, especially among the most vulnerable rural and urban poor. Systematic assessments of climate change resilience of all utilities, including rural water and sanitation programmes, are needed. ?No regrets? investment schemes are needed for both ?hard? adaptation measures such as infrastructure and ?soft? adaptation measures such as incentives and demand management.

e) Invest in cost-effective and adaptive water and wastewater management and technology transfer.

The development and transfer of technologies, appropriately adapted to local conditions, must be facilitated, and the capacity to implement and operate them supported.

f) Leverage additional funds through both increased national budgetary allocations and innovative funding mechanisms for adaptation in water management.

Improving adaptive capacity calls for more intelligent use of existing financing, targeted towards the most vulnerable groups and ecosystems. The full range of financing options needs to be used, including innovative financing mechanisms, private sources and public funding from developed countries.