Typical single-use bags are all, without exception, more likely to be biodegradable. We are assured that they are not dangerous for the purpose of the earth. However, this is not the case in any way.

The world trade shows 2 types of polymers, which, according to the manufacturers, have the most significant degradation rate in the surrounding area: oxo-degradable and biodegradable. With them, everyone, without exception, makes more one-time packages, as if worrying about nature.

Oxo-degradable polymers

They assume classical polymers (for example, a low-pressure polymer), in which additives are introduced (for example, d2w, which includes transition metal salts), which speed up the oxidation and collapse of the used material under the influence of solar radiation and/or heat and air. The oxidation procedure leads to a rapid decomposition of the used material into parts.

Under the influence of solar radiation, the kit simply disintegrates more rapidly into parts. In this case, its "biodegradability" is completed.

First, the fragmentation of the polymer must be a source for the most rapid course of biodegradation, in which carbon dioxide and moisture are formed. But in practice, this depends on a large number of conditions: the volume of the polymer elements, the properties of chemical additives that were used for the purpose of fragmentation, as well as the circumstances around the sphere, in which the biodegradation procedure is implied.

In nature, oxo-degradable polymers, having broken down into parts, call for a much longer period for the purpose of natural biodegradation. In this case, the sphere around it is smeared with microplastics, which, due to its own volumes, is very difficult to move according to the food chain, and as a result, it is also in our plates.

Thus, just as the main role of oxo-degradable polymers is to split into small parts due to a short period of time (from some months), their use in products of long-term use is very reduced, also, in their own order, will require the use of stabilizers-additional chemical elements that prevent fragmentation.

Innovative processing processes do not have the ability to emphasize oxo-degradable polymers with a single jet of plastic arriving for processing. This reduces the property of recyclable materials can also serve as a reason for this, that the group of plastics dirty with oxo-degradable polymers will not be able to be remade in any way.

Chemical additives that make the kit "biodegradable" reduce the property of the used material, also such packages are made impracticable to convert.

According to the report of the European Commission "On the effects of the use of oxo-degradable plastics for the purpose of the surrounding environment" (Brussels, 16.1.2018) and the main conclusions of additional studies, to date there is no strong evidence that oxo-degradable plastics as a whole are also reliably biodegradable in a rational time in the disclosed area, in landfills or in the ocean. In addition, oxo-degradable plastics are not suitable for composting purposes and do not meet the requirements of the composting stereotypes for biodegradable polymers (EN 13432). The procedure for their biodegradation is much longer, but the released fertilizer is contaminated with microplastics, which can be in the surrounding sphere.

It turns out that oxo-degradable plastics are not considered to be a conclusion for the purpose of being around the sphere, and they are also not suitable for long-term use, processing or composting. In addition, there is a threat that fragmented plastics will not completely biodegrade.

The fact that oxo-degradable plastic is considered "oxo-biodegradable", does not have a negative impact on the surrounding area, and does not retain any plastic parts or toxic fragments after itself, is not supported by any evidence. In the European Union, they are beginning to curb the use of oxoplastics as part of a strategy to address plastic contamination issues.

In 2015, a court in Milan ruled that the bags, as well as other plastic wrappers, including the d2w additive, are not de jure able to be sold as well as "biodegradable" in accordance with European standards of bargaining.

Such permission was granted by the court process during the consideration of the process, which was agitated in spite of the Italian company KromaBatch, which is interested in the implementation of this chemical element. The lawsuit postponed the resolution, announcing the subsequent: "The fact that plastics including the d2w additive rot at a higher level than classic plastics is considered unsatisfactory reason for considering such packaging to comply with the European standard for industrial composting EN 13432."

In accordance with the Russian test 33747-2016, the oxo-degradable wrapper does not imply processing in any way, and must also be oriented to special polygons for the purpose of further degradation. Greenpeace specialists have not found out about the presence of the letter 1 of such a landfill in the Russian Federation. After all, the burial of oxo-degradable packaging in landfills of rigid public remains contradicts the values of state policy according to waste management In an effort to help nature, society fills the surrounding area with microplastics.

In fact, the use of an oxo-degradable polymer near the type of biodegradable introduces a misinterpretation of the buyers ' question.

Biodegradable polymers

Decompose during composting into carbon dioxide, water, eclectic associations and biomass also do not lead to the formation of toxic residues. They are produced, as well as the principle, with maize and potato starches, soy, cellulose.

The procedure for the decomposition of such a polymer during compost is 180 days.

Biodegradable polymers also have the potential to be used only in these areas, where there is an available concept for collecting basic residues for composting purposes, or where personal family composting concepts are defined. In other variants, the use of such polymers is impractical: in fact, agricultural crops of a provender property are performed in order to make single objects with them, but then they are buried in landfills or burned.

To grow large agricultural civilizations in order to turn them into one-time objects is absolutely unwise to use the means of the land. Presence: At present, in the Russian Federation, there is almost no concept of a separate convocation of basic residues with the necessary degree of their industrial processing (aerobic and anaerobic digestion). In a similar way, penetrating into thin landfills and landfills, biodegradable polymers become the basis of greenhouse gases that contribute to atmospheric climate change.

It turns out that oxo-degradable and biodegradable bags are not considered an environmentally sound candidate for single-use plastic bags in domestic realities.

Cotton bags

In the manufacture of paper bags, the air space is also smeared with moisture many times more than in the manufacture of plastic bags. In the transient event property, single-use plastic bags can be changed into single-use cotton bags, but only if certain circumstances are met •

* ensure the availability of data on the origin of the material;

* ensure that the consumer is likely to give the packages for recycling;

* do not allow the implementation of also the promotion of paper bags made with wood of intact sandy land and forests of significant nature protection value.

Each single wrapper is non-ecological and also dirty in nature. Subscribe to our messages and also find out what to change such packaging, in which place it is still possible to find microplastics, what to do with food waste, and almost everything else. In total, you will get 19 joyful correspondence, they will begin to arrive through the period.

Biodegradable bags. Fiction or of course

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The plastic kit is simple, elastic and reliable-an accurate travel companion for a hundred rubles of millions of people during the period of everyday travel to the store. But someone else-the issue of the license plate is the only one in the war with the clogging of the sphere around it. Worldwide manufacturers give an alternative-biodegradable bags. However, in this way, they are in the very process safe for the purpose of being around the sphere, as well as established to consider? Let's try to understand. Oxo-degradable packages

The most popular type with biodegradable — oxo-degradable bags. They are created with celophane with a special additive, which stimulates the collapse of the plastic in parts under the influence of light and air. The procedure for their biodegradation depends on a large number of conditions: the volume of the polymer elements, the properties of chemical additives, and the circumstances surrounding the sphere.

The question of oxo-decomposable packages lies in these most particles, into which they break up. These parts of microplastics require a very long period of time for the purpose of natural biodegradation. The presence of these particles of c-due to their own volumes are ready to move according to the food chain also as a result be in our plates.

Biodegradable bags

Truly biodegradable bags are made with specialized polymers. The presence of the influence of bacteria is also the presence of specific circumstances they decompose into carbon dioxide blue fuel also water. Their turnover of decay in the basic sphere is similar to the existence of fallen leaves. In the basic compost, they completely disintegrate due to 180 days.

But more generally, such packages end up in landfills, in which place they are isolated from the ground, and the natural natural turnover is disrupted, significantly prolonging the decay period.

However, the main lie of such packages lies in their manufacture. The company, according to their production, generally gives a number of times more greenhouse gases than in the manufacture of simple plastic bags. Such is the situation with the release of harmful elements into reservoirs. This involves the use of rottisite fertilizers in order to cultivate lean material, from which biodegradable bags are made.

As well as how to distinguish?

In appearance, biodegradable plastic bags are distinguished only by special labeling. The beloved will tell you one or another directly plastic about you in the handles – this one that is directly able to make a bed in nature or that has a need in specialized circumstances for the purpose of composting.

Option

In a similar way, the biodegradable bags would be able to do an excellent job on the earth due to their own ability to decay. But the lack of infrastructure for the purpose of composting them, but also the negative environmental footprint make their use unwise.

If you want to help the earth in the very proc