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Biodiversity in Vietnam: Situation and solutions |
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by Hoang Ngan | 30-05-2022 00:04
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For many years now, biodiversity has become a global issue because millions of species of animals and plants are facing the risk of extinction due to human impacts. Vietnam is considered as one of 25 countries with high biodiversity. However, like many other countries, we are facing many challenges when biodiversity conservation is closely related to economic development and social stability. Current status of biodiversity in Vietnam Vietnam, being one of 12 centers of biodiversity in the world, has an abundance and diversity of precious and rare genetic resources. With the goal of conservation and sustainable development of natural resources, serving the strategy of socio-economic development and environmental protection, over the past time, the Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment has focused on building and perfecting the system. legal system on biodiversity; planning to conserve biodiversity across the country... Up to now, we have established 173 conservation areas, including 33 national parks; 66 nature reserves; 18 species and habitat conservation areas; 56 landscape protection zones. The whole country also has 9 wetlands recognized as world Ramsar sites; 23 provinces approve biodiversity conservation planning at provincial and city levels... According to research results, Vietnam is located at the transfer point of many biological streams: the East has the biogeographic features of the Himalayas; The South has similar ecosystem types to the marine and mainland ecosystems of Southeast Asia; The Truong Son range is a transitional zone between tropical and subtropical climates. Besides the mountains, Vietnam also has 16 main river systems, of which there are more than 10 river systems whose basins have an area of over 10,000 square kilometers, such as the Red River, Mekong River, and Dong Nai River systems. Besides the forest ecosystem, Vietnam also has many other types of ecosystems such as grasslands, inland wetlands, sand hills, coastal alluvial flats, estuaries, seagrass beds, coral reefs and deep seas. In parallel, there are artificial ecosystems such as dams, agricultural land, and urban areas. Biodiversity in Vietnam ranks 16th in the world. An incomplete statistics in 2011 showed that Vietnam is home to 13,766 species of plants, 10,300 species of terrestrial animals (312 species of mammals, 840 species of birds, 167 species of amphibians, and 317 species of reptiles). 7,700 species of insects, and many other invertebrates). The number of known freshwater species is more than 1,438 species of microalgae, 800 species of invertebrates, 1,028 species of freshwater fish. The number of known marine species is more than 11,000 species (6,300 species of benthic, 2,500 species of marine fish, 653 species of seaweed, 657 species of zooplankton, 537 species of phytoplankton, 94 species of mangroves, 225 species of marine mammals, and 225 species of marine mammals). sea shrimp, 14 species of sea grass, 15 species of sea snakes, 25 species of marine mammals and 5 species of sea turtles). The above statistics do not really fully reflect the biodiversity of Vietnam, as the number of newly discovered species has increased rapidly in recent years. This proves that the resources on diversity of flora and fauna in Vietnam are not really fully understood. The biodiversity value is high, but the current status of biodiversity conservation is also an urgent national issue. It can be said that the current status of biodiversity in Vietnam is heavily influenced by the history of war and the culture dependent on natural resources. During the war, at least 2.2 million hectares of forest were affected in the period 1943 - 1973. The decline in forest resources continued after the war ended due to the need for economic development. economic. In addition, using wild animals to serve the living needs of forest-based communities has pushed many animal species to the brink of extinction, for example primates. Besides, there are many other causes such as: land conversion without sufficient scientific evidence, infrastructure development, invasive alien species, over-exploitation of resources, environmental pollution, and pressure force from rapid population growth. Some solutions to conserve biodiversity In the coming time, in order to well perform environmental protection tasks in the new international and domestic conditions, it is necessary to focus on a number of key solutions as follows: - It is necessary to strengthen widespread propaganda on the importance of the ecological environment, on this basis to build ecological consciousness, that is, to make people consciously aware of the relationship between people and the environment. nature. In the era of science and technology development, especially in the current conditions of the Fourth Industrial Revolution, people need to grasp the laws of nature and find ways to rationally apply those laws. into the reality of society, to create a sustainable natural basis for social development. - Harmonious settlement between economic development and environmental protection according to the policy of the Party. For our country today, to carry out industrialization and modernization, the country needs to innovate technology, increase labor productivity and economic efficiency.
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2 Comments
Hello Hoang, this is your mentor Chelwoon.
Some countries, including Vietnam, are located at the transfer point of many biological streams. For instance, a huge number of migratory birds pass through Oman on the way from Asia to Africa. In Oman, many policies have been set up to keep global biodiversity. The criteria of “Environmental Effects Evaluation” have become more strict, and many studies have been undertaken on keeping biodiversity from the consequences of industrialization and modernization.
Thank you for the article!
Regards,
Chelwoon
Posted 01-06-2022 00:46
Hello Hoang, this is your mentor Joon.
It is blessed to have abundant biodiversity in your country. However, the hard part is to keep the biodiversity as it is during the period of climate change. As Vietnam is close to equator, it is vulnerable in temperature changes. Once the average temperature goes up, there would be some species which cannot withstand the environment. As it is humid country, it has less probability of massive forest fire breakout, yet it should be dealt nation wide to protect what the country already has. I would like yo hear more opinions from you rather than listing of contents!
Well read your article, and let's keep up!
Best,
Joon
Posted 30-05-2022 22:39