BIODIVERSITY

Biodiversity means the variety of life on earth which is the variability of all living organisms, the genes of living organisms, and terrestrial, aquatic and marine ecosystems of which they belong to. Biodiversity is composed of ecosystems that maintain oxygen in the air, enrich the soil, purify the water, protect against flood and regulate climate. There are different types of biodiversity. They are

1.   Genetic Biodiversity-It means the variation in genes and genotypes within a species. 

2.   Species Biodiversity-It means variety of species within a habitat or a region

3.   Ecosystem Biodiversity-It refers to the variations in thespecies living together and connected by food chains and food webs.

Biodiversity has much importance in this ecosystem. Biodiversity is used for Medicinal purposes. It helps for climate stability and helps in controlling the effects of climate change and controlling greenhouse gases . It helps in  maintaining soil quality, controlling pests, and providing habitat for wildlife. It also helps in providing many industry materials like cotton, leather, food, paper, etc. It also helps in controlling pollution. Finally it helps in forming a healthy ecosystem

Methods to increase biodiversity are

1.   Building wildlife corridors.

2.   Setup Gardens.

3.   Rewilding.

4.   Increase protected areas.

If biodiversity conservation is not done efficiently, each species would gradually extinct due to a lack of appetite and hunger. This has been a big problem since last few decades, and many species have already become extinct. As a result of a lack of biodiversity protection, many species are still on the verge of extinction.